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1번. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

When considering the current state of society, many individuals think that conditions are deteriorating and we are facing a crisis. But is this really true? People need to develop a more accurate perspective by relying solely on facts to form their opinions. Of course, it is a natural human instinct to focus on frightening events. This is why people usually remember news stories about serious crimes such as murders much more easily than other types of reports. But this internal filter can easily create the impression that violent acts are occurring with increasing frequency. The truth of the matter is that they are less common now than in the past. So, it is important to always ask, “Are my beliefs based on accurate information?”

① 사회 불안의 심각성을 경고하려고
② 뉴스 보도의 선정성을 비판하려고
③ 사실에 근거한 판단의 중요성을 강조하려고
④ 강력 범죄 예방법을 구체적으로 안내하려고
⑤ 과거 사회가 현재보다 더 안전했음을 주장하려고

2. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

In recent years, a number of anthropologists have decided to flip the lens. Throughout much of the history of this field, researchers from Western countries focused on the study of cultures that were beyond their own experiences. Being an “objective” outsider was thought to be the best way to draw accurate conclusions about the society being observed. Now, however, some researchers have begun to utilize anthropological techniques to increase their knowledge of the societies that they themselves are a part of. Noted anthropologist Gillian Tett decided to apply the practices of this discipline to better understand corporations — she used the framework of anthropology to immerse herself in the banking sector and came to the conclusion that “risks were building in this strange, shadowy world.” Because of her willingness to view an aspect of her own culture with the same level of neutrality that anthropologists traditionally strive for when studying more “exotic” ones, Tett was one of the few people to accurately predict the 2008 financial crisis.

① 서구 인류학의 연구 전통이 형성된 과정을 비판하려고
② 인류학적 시각을 자문화 분석에 적용한 사례를 소개하려고
③ 금융 위기를 초래한 은행권의 부패를 고발하려고
④ 2008년 금융 위기 이후 기업 문화의 변화를 설명하려고
⑤ 객관적 관찰이 모든 사회 연구에서 불가능함을 주장하려고

3. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

There is a common assumption that innovation in business is the result of extensive employee autonomy. Imagine a software company that hopes to create groundbreaking applications that will capture the imagination of consumers. To achieve this goal, it may decide to release several of its best developers from their current projects and allow them to explore different ideas without restraint. Contrary to expectation, granting this freedom will not necessarily stimulate their creativity or produce breakthrough ideas. The key to meaningful innovation is structure — employees need clearly defined goals, extensive support from management, and systems to measure progress. All of this is necessary to ensure that the ideas being generated are practical and fit into the company’s business model, as well as to set up an infrastructure to effectively execute any concepts with the potential to develop into successful products.

① 창의적 기업 문화를 조성하는 방법을 소개하려고
② 직원 자율성 확대의 효과를 홍보하려고
③ 혁신을 위한 체계적 지원의 중요성을 설명하려고
④ 소프트웨어 개발자의 근무 환경을 개선하려고
⑤ 기업 혁신 전반의 미래 방향을 전망하려고

4. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Have you ever felt depressed but told a friend “Everything is great”? Chances are, the sound of your voice — and perhaps a sigh — gave you away and failed to convince your friend of the truthfulness of your statement. According to the results of research published in American Psychologist, various kinds of emotions are decipherable from the tone of our voice and our nonverbal exclamations, known as vocal bursts. They can reveal complex emotions ranging from surprise (gasp) and realization (ohhh) to interest (ah?) and confusion (huh?). In the study, many vocal bursts were recorded by actors around the world and then evaluated by people recruited online. All of the vocal bursts were then categorized as correlating with a recognizable emotion. This shows that, whether we are aware of our own vocal bursts or not, others pick up on them and can identify them, suggesting that our feelings are difficult to fake.

① 감정을 숨기는 효과적인 대화법을 소개하려고
② 목소리와 감탄사가 감정을 드러냄을 설명하려고
③ 감정 표현 연기를 위한 발성 훈련을 권하려고
④ 음성 연구의 실험 절차만을 자세히 보고하려고
⑤ 인간 감정의 종류 전반을 체계적으로 분류하려고

5. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

NFTs, or non-fungible tokens, are digital tokens that are purchased and sold online and represent real-world objects such as photos, videos, and artwork. NFTs function as certificates of ownership for those items, and these tokens cannot be duplicated, meaning that such a certificate is not interchangeable and there can only be one owner at a time. Although many NFTs are costly, buying them is quickly gaining popularity as doing so gives a collector a unique and special connection to the work, with their purchase being marked on a blockchain. However, as there are currently no regulations governing the making and selling of NFTs, there are copyright threats associated with them. This is due to the fact that anyone — not just the copyright holder — can publish a token for a particular item on the blockchain and put that NFT on the market, a process also known as “minting.” This means there is a possibility artists might see an NFT created for their work without their permission, which is comparable to using copyrighted material in your work without securing a license.

① NFT 작품의 투자 가치를 홍보하려고
② NFT 구매 절차와 거래 방법을 안내하려고
③ NFT의 개념과 저작권 위험을 설명하려고
④ NFT 규제 정책의 시행을 촉구하려고
⑤ 디지털 예술 시장의 미래를 전망하려고

6. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

The Ptolemaic System, devised by Ptolemy in the second century AD, is a mathematical model in which an immobile Earth is situated at the center of the universe. Other celestial bodies, including the planets, Moon, Sun, and stars, revolve around Earth in this system. According to Ptolemy, the universe is composed of fixed, transparent spheres, and heavenly bodies are attached to these spheres which have their own particular rotations. The celestial sphere, which is the largest, exists to hold the stars and marks the boundary of this universe. This concept of spheres making up the universe with Earth at its center endured long after Ptolemy and wasn’t overturned until around 1400 years later. It was then that Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model of the universe, meaning that Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun.

① 프톨레마이오스 체계의 구조와 이후의 변화까지 설명하려고
② 지구 중심설이 현대 과학에 미친 영향을 비판하려고
③ 코페르니쿠스의 생애와 업적을 자세히 소개하려고
④ 여러 천문학 이론의 수학적 오류를 비교 분석하려고
⑤ 우주의 기원에 대한 다양한 철학적 견해를 주장하려고

7. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

John Cage (1912–1992) was a composer known for defying tradition. He experimented with playing instruments in unconventional ways and piecing together tones and rhythms that did not follow established musical structures. He is best known for a controversial piece that, from a traditional perspective, can hardly be called “music.” That piece is 4’33”, so named because it lasts exactly four minutes and 33 seconds. For its duration, neither instruments nor vocalists produce a single note. The idea for Cage was that, throughout the period of “silence,” the audience would find that there was not silence at all; they would become aware of the ambient sounds around them that would typically be ignored. Cage had toyed with the idea of the piece for years, but he became convinced of its value after spending time in an anechoic chamber, where the silence was so overwhelming that he was able to hear his own blood circulation.

① 존 케이지의 대표 작품들을 연대순으로 정리하려고
② 실험 음악의 일반적 특징을 폭넓게 소개하려고
③ 존 케이지의 4’33”의 의도와 가치를 설명하려고
④ 전통 음악 구조의 필요성을 비판하려고
⑤ 무향실의 과학적 원리를 자세히 안내하려고

8. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

“Only in relation to our imagination can things be called beautiful or ugly…” Baruch Spinoza points out the socially constructed nature of beauty and ugliness through his theories, as ideas and definitions related to these concepts have shifted so often over time. Artistically speaking, those words have both had moral and aesthetic implications; “ugly” has denoted the bad while “beautiful” has been applied to the good. But are these terms this simple? Why must “ugly” have a negative connotation? After all, ugly art can be interesting and unique. In fact, pieces that we deem ugly can make those who gaze upon them think, and can trigger a state of being receptive to new ideas: something a typically beautiful piece of art could have a more difficult time accomplishing. By using fine art techniques to make something look “ugly,” an artist can encourage more critical discourse between people as they view the piece. They might question their previous assumptions about beauty and embrace new ideas, which is a key characteristic of compelling art anyway.

① 예술에서 전통적 미의 기준을 복원하려고
② 못생긴 예술의 비판적 가치를 옹호하려고
③ 예술 작품의 역사적 분류 기준을 설명하려고
④ 아름다움과 도덕성의 필연적 관계를 증명하려고
⑤ 예술 전반이 사회에 미치는 영향을 일반적으로 경고하려고

9. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

That which is forgotten is not always lost. Research shows that memories remain stored even if we can’t readily retrieve them. Take the brain activity of numerous university students who were observed during memory formation and recall. When students were asked to remember as much as they could about a list of words they’d been given earlier in the study, fMRI scans showed that the brain activity throughout recall was the same as in the course of the learning process. Even when students had forgotten most of what they had learned, the original neurological patterns were still picked up, illustrating that the memories were still there despite being unattainable. Much is still unclear regarding how long memories persist, but evidence like this has shown that it might be longer than we think. Therefore, it would not be wrong to say that memories are just archived in the less accessible parts of our brains.

① 기억력 향상 훈련법을 소개하려고
② 기억이 뇌에 오래 저장될 수 있음을 설명하려고
③ fMRI 실험 절차의 한계를 비판하려고
④ 대학생들의 학습 습관 문제를 지적하려고
⑤ 인간 뇌의 모든 기능을 종합적으로 정리하려고

10. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Assistive technologies allow disabled individuals to perform an array of tasks without the aid of another person, thereby increasing their level of independence. Although recent developments have improved the functionality of assistive technologies, the corresponding increase in complexity necessitates that sufficient training be offered to the people with disabilities who will use them. While some devices can be easily incorporated into a person’s life with a minimum of instruction, others are more sophisticated and require a significant amount of knowledge to be utilized effectively. In fact, a number of studies have shown that people who avoid new assistive technologies report feeling intimidated by the complex interfaces and many optional features, which leads them to believe that they are unqualified to operate them. Fortunately, individuals who are provided with access to ongoing support have an increased likelihood of overcoming this barrier and integrating new assistive technologies into their day-to-day routine, greatly enhancing the overall quality of their life.

① 장애인을 위한 보조기기의 가격 인하를 촉구하려고
② 새로운 보조기기 사용에 지속적 지원의 필요성을 설명하려고
③ 장애인의 일상생활 문제를 전반적으로 비판하려고
④ 보조기기의 기술 발전 속도를 경고하려고
⑤ 간단한 보조기기만 선택해서 쓰도록 권하려고

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